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129 lines
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<h1 id="topic_header_text">Les fonctions mathématiques</h1>
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<p></p>
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<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts25">Sous Python, pour utiliser les fonctions mathématiques, il faut commencer par importer le module </span><span class="rvts32">math</span><span class="rvts25"> :</span></p>
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<p class="rvps8"><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts46">import</span><span class="rvts38"> math</span></p>
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<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts25">Sous l'IDLE (Python GUI), la fonction </span><span class="rvts32">dir()</span><span class="rvts25"> retourne la liste des fonctions et données d'un module :</span></p>
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<p class="rvps8"><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts40">dir</span><span class="rvts38">(math)</span><br/><span class="rvts41">['__doc__', '__name__', '__package__', 'acos', 'acosh', 'asin', 'asinh', 'atan',</span><br/><span class="rvts41">'atan2', 'atanh', 'ceil', 'copysign', 'cos', 'cosh', 'degrees', 'e', 'erf',</span><br/><span class="rvts41">'erfc', 'exp', 'expm1', 'fabs', 'factorial', 'floor', 'fmod', 'frexp', 'fsum',</span><br/><span class="rvts41">'gamma', 'hypot', 'isinf', 'isnan', 'ldexp', 'lgamma', 'log', 'log10', 'log1p',</span><br/><span class="rvts41">'modf', 'pi', 'pow', 'radians', 'sin', 'sinh', 'sqrt', 'tan', 'tanh', 'trunc']</span></p>
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<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts25">Sous Edupython, vous trouverez la liste des fonctions dans l'onglet du bas nommé </span><span class="rvts50">Variables</span></p>
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<p class="rvps7"><img alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/NouvelElement8.png"></p>
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<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts49">Pour appeler une fonction d'un module, la syntaxe est la suivante :</span><br/><span class="rvts47">module.fonction(arguments)</span></p>
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<p class="rvps7"><span class="rvts49">Pour accéder à une donnée d'un module :</span><br/><span class="rvts47">module.data</span></p>
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<p class="rvps8"><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts40">print</span><span class="rvts38">(math.pi) </span><span class="rvts39"># donnée pi du module math (nombre pi) </span><img alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/NouvelElement7.png"><br/><span class="rvts41"></span><br/><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts40">print</span><span class="rvts38">(math.sin(math.pi/4.0)) </span><span class="rvts39"># fonction sin() du module math (sinus) </span><img alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/NouvelElement7.png"><br/><span class="rvts41"></span><br/><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts40">print</span><span class="rvts38">(math.sqrt(2.0)) </span><span class="rvts39"># fonction sqrt() du module math (racine carrée) </span><img alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/NouvelElement7.png"><br/><span class="rvts41"></span><br/><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts40">print</span><span class="rvts38">(math.sqrt(-5.0)) </span><img alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/NouvelElement7.png"><br/><span class="rvts48"></span><br/><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts40">print</span><span class="rvts38">(math.exp(-3.0)) </span><span class="rvts39"># fonction exp() du module math (exponentielle) </span><img alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/NouvelElement7.png"><br/><span class="rvts41"></span><br/><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts40">print</span><span class="rvts38">(math.log(math.e)) </span><span class="rvts39"># fonction log() du module math (logarithme népérien) </span><img alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/NouvelElement7.png"></p>
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<p class="rvps9"><span class="rvts25">Pour simplifier, vous pouvez importer toutes les fonctions d'un module :</span></p>
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<p class="rvps8"><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts41">from</span><span class="rvts40"> </span><span class="rvts51">math</span><span class="rvts40"> </span><span class="rvts41">import</span><span class="rvts40"> *</span></p>
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<p class="rvps9"><img alt="" style="padding : 1px;" src="lib/NouvelElement12.png"></p>
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<p class="rvps9"><span class="rvts25">Vous devez privilégier uniquement l'importation des fonctions que vous souhaitez utiliser:</span></p>
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<p class="rvps8"><span class="rvts37">>>></span><span class="rvts38"> </span><span class="rvts41">from</span><span class="rvts40"> </span><span class="rvts51">math</span><span class="rvts40"> </span><span class="rvts41">import</span><span class="rvts40"> pi</span></p>
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<p class="rvps9"><span class="rvts25"> </span><a class="rvts14" href="http://download.tuxfamily.org/edupython/videos/module/module.html" target="_blank">Utilisation d'un module en Python (vidéo)</a></p>
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<p class="rvps4" style="clear: both;"><span class="rvts15">Créé avec HelpNDoc Personal Edition: </span><a class="rvts16" href="https://www.helpndoc.com/fr">Générateur de documentations PDF gratuit</a></p>
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